The winners of the Oscars are determined by the members of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. The Academy is made up of over 9,000 members from the film industry. Members are invited to join the Academy based on their achievements in the industry, and they must be approved by the Board of Governors.
To determine the winners, the Academy conducts two rounds of voting. In the first round, members of each branch nominate candidates for the awards within their respective categories. For example, actors nominate actors, and directors nominate directors. This process results in a list of nominees in each category.
In the second round, all members of the Academy are eligible to vote in most categories. The exceptions are the categories of Best Picture, Best Documentary Feature, and Best International Feature Film, which are voted on by all members of the Academy. In this round, members vote for the winner in each category. The nominee with the most votes in each category is declared the winner.
It’s important to note that the Academy uses a preferential voting system to determine the winner of Best Picture. In this system, voters rank the nominees in order of preference. If a nominee receives more than 50% of the first-place votes, it is declared the winner. If no nominee receives more than 50% of the first-place votes, the nominee with the fewest first-place votes is eliminated, and the second-choice votes of those who voted for the eliminated nominee are redistributed. This process continues until one nominee receives more than 50% of the votes.
In conclusion, the winners of the Oscars are determined by the members of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences through a two-round voting process. While the process may seem straightforward, there are many factors that can influence the outcome, including campaign strategies, industry politics, and even personal relationships between voters and nominees. Nevertheless, the Oscars remain one of the most highly regarded awards in the film industry, and winning one is a major achievement for any filmmaker.